Media Strategy Quick Reference Guide

A toolkit with a media strategy glossary, an ‘If This, Then That’ playbook, and a 1-page cheat sheet to help account managers answer client questions with confidence.

MEDIA STRATEGY | Toolkit

Part 1: Glossary of Terms

Ad Spend

  • Definition: The total budget you spend on ads.
  • Client-friendly: “This is simply how much money we’re putting into ads.”

Asset Group (PMax)

  • Definition: A collection of ads, creatives, and targeting signals used in Performance Max campaigns.
  • Client-friendly: “Think of it like a folder where we put images, videos, and text for Google to mix and match.”

Audience Signals (PMax)

  • Definition: Suggestions given to Google on who to target.
  • Client-friendly: “We point Google in the right direction so it learns faster.”

Bounce Rate (GA4 → Replaced by Engagement Rate)

  • Definition: The % of users who left quickly without interacting.
  • Client-friendly: “If lots of people leave right away, it means the site didn’t grab their attention.”

CTR (Click-Through Rate)

  • Definition: The % of people who click your ad after seeing it.
  • Client-friendly: “If 100 people see an ad and 5 click, that’s a 5% CTR. Higher = better.”

CPA (Cost per Acquisition)

  • Definition: Cost of getting one customer action (like a purchase or signup).
  • Client-friendly: “How much we’re paying to get a new customer.”

CPC (Cost per Click)

  • Definition: The average price you pay when someone clicks your ad.
  • Client-friendly: “Every time someone clicks, this is what it costs.”

CPM (Cost per 1,000 Impressions)

  • Definition: The cost to show your ad 1,000 times.
  • Client-friendly: “How much it costs to reach 1,000 eyeballs.”

Conversion (GA4)

  • Definition: Any meaningful action (purchase, signup, call).
  • Client-friendly: “It’s the goal we want people to complete after clicking an ad.”

Conversion API (Meta)

  • Definition: A way to send website conversion data directly to Meta.
  • Client-friendly: “It helps us track results more accurately, even with privacy updates.”

CTR Benchmark

  • Definition: Average CTR for your industry and channel.
  • Client-friendly: “Helps us compare your ad’s performance against what’s normal.”

Data-Driven Attribution (GA4)

  • Definition: Credit for conversions is shared across multiple touchpoints.
  • Client-friendly: “Instead of giving all credit to the last click, GA4 spreads it across all the ads that helped.”

Engagement Rate (GA4)

  • Definition: The % of sessions where people stayed and interacted.
  • Client-friendly: “It shows if people are actually paying attention, not just landing and leaving.”

Explorations (GA4)

  • Definition: Custom reports in GA4 for deeper insights.
  • Client-friendly: “A sandbox where we dig into data beyond standard reports.”

Final URL Expansion (PMax)

  • Definition: Lets Google send users to the most relevant page on your site.
  • Client-friendly: “Google picks the best page to send people to, instead of always the homepage.”

Impressions

  • Definition: The number of times your ad is shown.
  • Client-friendly: “Each time your ad is displayed, it counts as an impression.”

Landing Page View

  • Definition: A click that loads your site fully.
  • Client-friendly: “Not just clicking the ad — actually waiting for the site to load.”

Quality Score (Google Ads)

  • Definition: Google’s rating of your ad relevance, keywords, and landing page.
  • Client-friendly: “A higher score means lower costs and better placements.”

Responsive Search Ads (RSA)

  • Definition: Ads where Google mixes headlines and descriptions automatically.
  • Client-friendly: “Google tests different text combos to find what works best.”

Search Themes (PMax)

  • Definition: Keywords that guide where PMax ads show.
  • Client-friendly: “We give Google clues about what searches matter most.”

Advantage+ Shopping Campaigns (Meta)

  • Definition: Meta’s automated campaign type for e-commerce
  • Client-friendly: “Meta’s AI figures out the best way to show your products.”

Part 2: If This, Then That (Optimization Playbook)

IF CTR is Low

  • Check targeting: audience too broad or narrow?
  • Refresh ad copy, headlines, and visuals.
  • Compare against industry benchmarks.
  • Use stronger CTAs (“Shop Now,” “Get Quote”).

IF Conversions are Low

  • Optimize landing page (clear CTA, fewer form fields).
  • Simplify CTA (only one clear action).
  • Ensure GA4 events and conversions are tracking properly.
  • Refine targeting (exclude unqualified audiences).

IF CPC is High

  • Review Quality Score and relevance.
  • Test long-tail keywords.
  • Add negative keywords to block wasted clicks.
  • Improve ad creative to raise CTR.

IF CPM is High (Meta / Display)

  • Narrow targeting to focus on higher-quality audiences.
  • Test different ad formats (video, carousel).
  • Use frequency caps to avoid showing ads too often.

IF PMax Underperforms

  • Split asset groups by theme (don’t lump all assets in one).
  • Add or update audience signals.
  • Use search themes to guide placements.
  • Check Insights tab for performance drivers.

IF Meta Results Drop (post iOS14)

  • Confirm Conversion API setup is active.
  • Re-prioritize events in Aggregated Event Measurement.
  • Use Advantage+ campaigns for automation.
  • Expand creative testing (short-form video, reels).

IF GA4 Data Looks “Off”

  • Check DebugView for broken tags.
  • Ensure events and conversions are properly defined.
  • Compare “User Acquisition” vs. “Traffic Acquisition” reports.
  • Verify UTM tracking is consistent.

Quick Answers Cheat Sheet

(Top 10 Questions Clients Ask & How to Answer)

  1. Why is my CTR low?
    👉 “It means people aren’t clicking. We can test new headlines, creative, or adjust targeting to make ads more relevant.”
  2. Why are my conversions low?
    👉 “It’s not always the ads — sometimes the landing page or form is the issue. We’ll simplify the page and refine targeting.”
  3. Why is CPC so high?
    👉 “It usually means competition is strong or ads aren’t as relevant. We’ll improve Quality Score, test keywords, and optimize copy.”
  4. Why am I paying for impressions if no one clicks?
    👉 “Impressions build awareness. Even if they don’t click now, seeing your brand increases the chance they’ll search or click later.”
  5. What’s the difference between Bounce Rate and Engagement Rate?
    👉 “Bounce Rate (old metric) showed people leaving fast. GA4 now uses Engagement Rate, which shows how many stayed and interacted.”
  6. Why do we need GA4 instead of Universal Analytics?
    👉 “GA4 tracks users across devices and focuses on events instead of sessions. It’s built for today’s multi-device world.”
  7. Why are Meta results different since iOS14?
    👉 “Apple’s privacy update made tracking harder. That’s why we use Conversion API and Meta’s Advantage+ campaigns for better accuracy.”
  8. What is Performance Max (PMax)?
    👉 “It’s Google’s AI-driven campaign that runs across Search, YouTube, Display, and more — one campaign covers all channels.”
  9. Why does Google decide where my PMax ads show?
    👉 “We guide Google with ‘audience signals’ and ‘search themes,’ but it uses AI to place ads where it finds the best opportunities.”
  10. How do we know if ads are working?
    👉 “We track conversions (purchases, leads, signups) in GA4 and Google Ads. ROI comes from measuring cost vs. actual results.”